Enlightening Minds, Empowering Buildings: Exploring BIPV Systems for Sustainable Education in Saudi Arabia

In the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions, the integration of renewable technologies into everyday infrastructure has become paramount. Among these, Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems stand out as innovative solutions, seamlessly blending solar power generation with architectural design. In a groundbreaking endeavor, researchers have delved into the realm of BIPV, focusing on its application in educational buildings, with a particular emphasis on Saudi Arabia's unique context.

In the paper titled "Building Integrated Photovoltaic, BIPV, System: Design and Simulation for an Educational Building" by Salem, Nema, a grid-connected BIPV solar system was proposed to meet partial electricity demand of the Admission and Registration Building (AR) at Effat University in Jeddah. Detailed design, simulation, economic analysis, and CO2 reduction were conducted using PVsyst software. Results indicate that, in terms of electricity generation, optimized design can meet approximately 65% of the AR building's demand, whereas traditional additional PV generation can only meet 51% of the AR building's demand.

> Understanding BIPV <

BIPV represents a paradigm shift in energy generation, transforming buildings from passive structures into active contributors to energy production. By incorporating photovoltaic materials directly into building elements such as roofs, facades, and windows, BIPV systems harness sunlight to generate electricity while fulfilling traditional architectural functions.

Referring to the technological aspects that include the cladding, thermal protection level of the building, and transparency rate for daylight penetration; there are three distinct BIPV types: glazed semi-transparent with thermal properties, opaque glazed without thermal protection, and opaque no-glazed without thermal protection.

(Fig. BIPV Types of technology; from left to right; Glazed semi-transparent with thermal properties, Opaque glazed without thermal protection, and Opaque no glazed without thermal protection.)

Cladding is the outer layer of the building’s skin and represents the shield against environmental conditions. For Technological systems, there are six archetypes of BIPV, referring to Fig. 3, roof , facade, shading , window, semi-transparent and glazed.

(Fig. Cladding archetypes of BIPV technology)

> Designing for Sustainability <

With an understanding of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) and BIPV technology, innovative thinking and meticulous planning have been applied to the design and simulation of the (AR) educational building BIPV system. Researchers in Saudi Arabia are beginning to explore the potential of BIPV in educational building architecture, considering factors such as building orientation, sunlight exposure, energy demands, and aesthetic integration.

(Fig. The educational building consists of four floors with large glass curtain walls.)

Key Considerations

In their paper, "Design and Simulation for an Educational Building," the researchers outline the critical aspects of BIPV implementation:

> Simulation Insights <

Through advanced simulation techniques, the researchers model various BIPV configurations to assess their performance under different conditions. By simulating energy generation, consumption, and distribution, they gain valuable insights into the feasibility and effectiveness of BIPV systems in educational buildings.